This is when something in the environment establishes something else as a reinforcer or punisher. You may be trying to open a bottle of wine (deprived of wine) and in that moment you really need a wine key to open the wine. Being deprived of wine in that moment and the bottle of wine that cannot be opened easily is a CMO-T that establishes the value of opening the wine with a wine key and evokes behaviors to find the wine key or ask someone for help.